Zehn Jahre nach der Finanzkrise und einige Wochen vor den ungarischen Parlamentswahlen zogen Fachexpert_innen und Gewerkschaftsvertreter_innen im Rahmen einer Konferenz am 22. März 2018 in Budapest eine Bilanz über die Veränderungen der Arbeitswelt in Ungarn.
Auf dieser gemeinsamen Veranstaltung des Ungarischen Gewerkschaftsbundes (MASZSZ) und der Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung wurden sechs unterschiedliche Themenbereiche jeweils von Fachexpert_innen und Gewerkschaftsvertreter_innen analysiert. Der Soziale Dialog in Ungarn hat sich in diesem Zeitraum eindeutig verschlechtert und die Bestrebung der Gewerkschaften, eine starke kollektive Interessenvertretung durchzusetzen, konnte nicht erreicht werden. Dies zeigt sich an der geringen kollektivvertraglichen Abdeckung von Arbeitnehmer_innen.
Ágnes Hárs vom Forschungsinstitut KOPINT-TÁRKI referierte über die Arbeitnehmer_innenmobilität. Die Auswanderung von schätzungsweise 300.000 bis 500.000 Ungarn hat die Konsequenz, dass auf dem ungarischen Arbeitsmarkt ein großer Mangel an Facharbeitskräften herrscht. Dazu kommt der demografische Wandel der Bevölkerung. Eine Konsequenz ist, dass ältere Arbeitnehmer_innen stärker umworben werden und diskutiert wird, wie Ältere in den Arbeitsmarkt zurückintegriert werden könnten.
Weitere Themen der ganztägigen Konferenz waren Arbeitsschutzaspekte sowie die Notwendigkeit einer europäischen Lohnkonvergenz. Der Wissenschaftler Zoltán Pogátsa betonte, dass höhere Löhne aufgrund der ökonomischen Kennzahlen durchaus möglich sind. László Kordás, Vorsitzender des Ungarischen Gewerkschaftsbundes (MASZSZ) forderte in seinem abschließenden Beitrag, dass in Ungarn kein Mensch ein Einkommen unter dem Existenzminimum erhalten dürfte. MASZSZ arbeitet zurzeit an der Berechnung des Mindesteinkommens für ein würdiges Leben.
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